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dirtysea ·¢±íÓÚ 2013-4-18 14:25:20

10¸ö¹¤¾ßÈÃÄãµÄ shell ½Å±¾¸üÇ¿´ó

ºÜ¶àÈËÎóÒÔÎªshell½Å±¾Ö»ÄÜÔÚÃüÁîÐÐÏÂÊ¹ÓÃ¡£ÆäÊµshellÒ²¿ÉÒÔµ÷ÓÃÒ»Ð©GUI×é¼þ£¬ÀýÈç²Ëµ¥£¬¾¯¸æ¿ò£¬½ø¶ÈÌõµÈµÈ¡£Äã¿ÉÒÔ¿ØÖÆ×îÖÕµÄÊä³ö£¬¹â±êÎ»ÖÃ»¹ÓÐ¸÷ÖÖÊä³öÐ§¹û¡£ÏÂÃæÎÒ½«½éÉÜÒ»Ð©¹¤¾ß£¬°ïÖúÄã´´½¨Ç¿´óµÄ£¬»¥¶¯µÄ£¬ÓÃ»§ÓÑºÃµÄ Unix/Linux shell½Å±¾¡£ÎÒÔÚFreeBSDºÍLinuxÏÂ²âÊÔ¹ýÕâÐ©¹¤¾ß£¬²»¹ýÆäËûUNIXÏµÁÐµÄ²Ù×÷ÏµÍ³Ó¦¸Ã¶¼Ö§³ÖµÄ¡£ 1. notify-send ÃüÁî Õâ¸öÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄãÍ¨¹ýÍ¨Öª½ø³Ì·¢ËÍÒ»¸ö×ÀÃæÍ¨Öª¸øÓÃ»§¡£Õâ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´ÏòÓÃ»§·¢ËÍÌáÊ¾£¬»òÕßÏÔÊ¾Ò»Ð©ÐÅÏ¢¶ø²»ÓÃ´ò¶ÏÓÃ»§¹¤×÷¡£ÄãÐèÒª°²×°ÈçÏÂÈí¼þ°ü£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">$ sudo apt-get install libnotify-bin</PRE>
ÏÂÃæÕâ¸öÀý×ÓÕ¹Ê¾ÁËÈçºÎ´ÓÃüÁîÐÐÏò×ÀÃæ·¢ËÍÒ»¸ö¼òµ¥µÄÏûÏ¢£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">notify-send "rsnapshot done :)" </PRE>
Êä³ö£º <IMG style="WIDTH: auto; HEIGHT: auto; minmaxWidth: auto; minmaxHeight: auto; maxWidth: 600px" alt="" src="http://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201202/27224457_u8Vq.png" minmax_bound="true"> ÏÂÃæÊÇÒ»¸ö¸´ÔÓÒ»µãµÄÀý×Ó£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">....
alert=18000
live=$(lynx --dump http://money.rediff.com/ | grep 'BSE LIVE' | awk '{ print $5}' | sed 's/,//g;s/\.*//g')
[ $notify_counter -eq 0 ] && [ $live -ge $alert ] && { notify-send -t 5000 -u low -i "BSE Sensex touched 18k";notify_counter=1; }
...</PRE>
Êä³ö£º <IMG style="WIDTH: auto; HEIGHT: auto; minmaxWidth: auto; minmaxHeight: auto; maxWidth: 600px" alt="" src="http://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201202/27224459_5fIA.png" minmax_bound="true"> ÕâÀïµÄ²ÎÊý½âÊÍÈçÏÂ£º 
<UL minmax_bound="true">
<LI minmax_bound="true"> -t 5000£ºÖ¸¶¨³¬Ê±µÄÊ±¼ä£¬ºÁÃë
<LI minmax_bound="true"> -u low£ºÉèÖÃÊÇ·ñ½ô¼±
<LI minmax_bound="true"> -i gtk-dialog-info£ºÍ¨ÖªÍ¼±ê£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÖ¸¶¨Í¼±ê -i /path/to/your-icon.png </LI></UL>
 2. tput ÃüÁî Õâ¸öÃüÁîÊÇÓÃÀ´ÉèÖÃÖÕ¶ËÌØÐÔµÄ£º 
<UL minmax_bound="true">
<LI minmax_bound="true">  ÒÆ¶¯¹â±ê
<LI minmax_bound="true">  »ñµÃÖÕ¶ËÐÅÏ¢
<LI minmax_bound="true">  ÉèÖÃÇ°¾°ºÍ±³¾°É«
<LI minmax_bound="true">  ÉèÖÃ´ÖÌåÄ£Ê½
<LI minmax_bound="true">  ÉèÖÃ·´Ä£Ê½µÈµÈ </LI></UL>
¾ÙÀý£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">#!/bin/bash

# clear the screen
tput clear

# Move cursor to screen location X,Y (top left is 0,0)
tput cup 3 15

# Set a foreground colour using ANSI escape
tput setaf 3
echo "XYX Corp LTD."
tput sgr0

tput cup 5 17
# Set reverse video mode
tput rev
echo "M A I N - M E N U"
tput sgr0

tput cup 7 15
echo "1. User Management"

tput cup 8 15
echo "2. Service Management"

tput cup 9 15
echo "3. Process Management"

tput cup 10 15
echo "4. Backup"

# Set bold mode
tput bold
tput cup 12 15
read -p "Enter your choice " choice

tput clear
tput sgr0
tput rc</PRE>
Êä³ö£º <IMG style="WIDTH: auto; HEIGHT: auto; minmaxWidth: auto; minmaxHeight: auto; maxWidth: 600px" alt="" src="http://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201202/27224500_rueS.png" minmax_bound="true"> 3. setleds ÃüÁî Õâ¸öÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄã¿ØÖÆ¼üÅÌµÆ£¬ÀýÈç´ò¿ªÊý×Ö¼üÅÌµÆ£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">setleds -D +num</PRE>
¹Ø±ÕÊý×Ö¼üÅÌµÆ£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">setleds -D -num</PRE>
<UL minmax_bound="true">
<LI minmax_bound="true">  -caps: Çå³ý´óÐ´µÆ
<LI minmax_bound="true">  +caps£º´ò¿ª´óÐ´µÆ
<LI minmax_bound="true">  -scroll£ºÇå³ý¹ö¶¯Ëø
<LI minmax_bound="true">  +scroll£º´ò¿ª¹ö¶¯Ëø </LI></UL>
 4. zenity ÃüÁî Õâ¸öÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔÏÔÊ¾GTK+µÄ**¿ò£¬È»ºó·µ»ØÓÃ»§µÄÊäÈë¡£Äã¿ÉÒÔÓÃÕâ¸öÃüÁîÔÚ½Å±¾ÖÐÏÔÊ¾ÐÅÏ¢£¬²¢ÒªÇóÓÃ»§ÊäÈëÐÅÏ¢¡£ÏÂÃæÕâ¶Î´úÂë¾ÍÊÇÓòÃûµÄwhois²éÑ¯£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">#!/bin/bash
# Get domain name
_zenity="/usr/bin/zenity"
_out="/tmp/whois.output.$$"
domain=$(${_zenity} --title"Enter domain" \
 --entry --text "Enter the domain you would like to see whois info" )

if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
# Display a progress dialog while searching whois database
whois $domain| tee >(${_zenity} --width=200 --height=100 \
 --title="whois" --progress \
 --pulsate --text="Searching domain info..." \
 --auto-kill --auto-close \
 --percentage=10) >${_out}

# Display back output
${_zenity} --width=800 --height=600\
 --title "Whois info for $domain" \
 --text-info --filename="${_out}"
else
${_zenity} --error \
 --text="No input provided"
fi</PRE>
Êä³ö£º <IMG title="zenity: Linux / UNIX display Dialogs Boxes From The Shell Scripts" style="WIDTH: auto; HEIGHT: auto; minmaxWidth: auto; minmaxHeight: auto; maxWidth: 600px" alt="Fig.04: zenity in Action" src="http://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201202/27224501_SjfC.png" minmax_bound="true"> 5. kdialog ÃüÁî Õâ¸öÃüÁîºÍzenityºÜÏë£¬Ö»²»¹ýËüÊÇÎªKDE/QTÓ¦ÓÃ×¼±¸µÄ¡£Ê¹ÓÃ·½·¨ÈçÏÂ£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">kdialog --dontagain myscript:nofilemsg --msgbox "File: '~/.backup/config' not found."</PRE>
Êä³ö <IMG style="WIDTH: auto; HEIGHT: auto; minmaxWidth: auto; minmaxHeight: auto; maxWidth: 600px" alt="" src="http://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201202/27224503_CVFj.png" minmax_bound="true"> Äã¿ÉÒÔ²é¿´ <A href="http://techbase.kde.org/Development/Tutorials/Shell_Scripting_with_KDE_Dialogs" target=_blank rel=nofollow minmax_bound="true">shell scription with KDE Dialogs</A> À´»ñÈ¡¸ü¶àÐÅÏ¢ 6. Dialog Õâ¸öÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔÔÚshell½Å±¾ÖÐÏÔÊ¾ÎÄ±¾×é¼þ¡£ËüÊ¹ÓÃÁËcursesºÍncursesÀà¿â¡£Ê¾Àý´úÂë£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">>#!/bin/bash
dialog --title "Delete file" \
--backtitle "Linux Shell Script Tutorial Example" \
--yesno "Are you sure you want to permanently delete \"/tmp/foo.txt\"?" 7 60

# Get exit status
# 0 means user hit button.
# 1 means user hit button.
# 255 means user hit key.
response=$?
case $response in
0) echo "File deleted.";;
1) echo "File not deleted.";;
255) echo " key pressed.";;
esac</PRE>
7. logger ÃüÁî Õâ¸öÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄãÐ´ÈëÏµÍ³ÈÕÖ¾ÀýÈç /var/log/messages£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">logger "MySQL database backup failed."
tail -f /var/log/messages
logger -t mysqld -p daemon.error "Database Server failed"
tail -f /var/log/syslog</PRE>
Êä³ö£º Apr 20 00:11:45 vivek-desktop kernel: CPU0: Temperature/speed normal Apr 20 00:12:20 vivek-desktop mysqld: Database Server failed 8. setterm ÃüÁî Õâ¸öÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔÉèÖÃÖÐ¶ÏµÄÊôÐÔ¡£ÏÂÃæµÄÀý×ÓÊÇÇ¿ÖÆÆÁÄ»È«ºÚ15·ÖÖÓ£¬²¢ÇÒ60·ÖÖÓºó°ÑÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÉèÎª´ý»ú×´Ì¬£º <PRE class="brush:xml; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">setterm -blank 15 -powersave powerdown -powerdown 60</PRE>
ÏÂÃæÕâ¶ÎÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔÔÚÖÐ¶ÏÏÔÊ¾¼ÓÏÂ»®ÏßµÄÎÄ×Ö£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">setterm -underline on;
echo "Add Your Important Message Here"
setterm -underline off</PRE>
»òÕßÄã¿ÉÒÔ¹Ø±Õ¹â±ê£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">setterm -cursor off</PRE>
9. smbclient£ºÏò MS-Windows ÏµÍ³·¢ËÍÏûÏ¢ smbclient¿ÉÒÔºÍ SMB/CIFS·þÎñÆ÷Í¨ÐÅ¡£Ëü¿ÉÒÔÏòMS-WindowsÏµÍ³µÄÖ¸¶¨ÓÃ»§·¢ËÍÏûÏ¢£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">smbclient -M WinXPPro <<EOF
Message 1
Message 2
...
..
EOF</PRE>
»òÕß <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">echo "${Message}" | smbclient -M salesguy2</PRE>
10. Bash Socket ±à³Ì Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚbashÖÐ¿ªÆôÒ»¸ösocketÁ´½Ó£¬²¢ÇÒ´«ÊäÊý¾Ý¡£BashÓÐÁ½¸öÌØÊâµÄÉè±¸ÎÄ¼þ£º 
<UL minmax_bound="true">
<LI minmax_bound="true">  /dev/tcp/host/port - Èç¹ûhostname£¬ºÍportÊÇºÏ·¨µÄ»°£¬bash»á³¢ÊÔ¿ªÆôÒ»¸öTCPÁ¬½Ó¡£
<LI minmax_bound="true">  /dev/udp/host/port - Èç¹ûhostnameºÍportÊÇºÏ·¨µÄ»°£¬bash»á¿ªÆôÒ»¸öUDPÁ¬½Ó¡£ </LI></UL>
  Äã¿ÉÒÔÀûÓÃÕâ¸ö¼¼ÊõÀ´²âÊÔÒ»Ì¨Ö÷»úµÄ¶Ë¿ÚÊÇ·ñÊÇ¿ªÆôµÄ£¬¶ø²»ÐèÒªÊ¹ÓÃnmap»òÕßportÉ¨ÃèÆ÷£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true"># find out if TCP port 25 open or not
(echo >/dev/tcp/localhost/25) &>/dev/null && echo "TCP port 25 open" || echo "TCP port 25 close"</PRE>
Äã¿ÉÒÔ <A href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-for-loop/" target=_blank rel=nofollow minmax_bound="true">Ê¹ÓÃÑ»·À´²éÕÒ¿ª×ÅµÄ¶Ë¿Ú</A>£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">echo "Scanning TCP ports..."
for p in {1..1023}
do
(echo >/dev/tcp/localhost/$p) >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo "$p open"
done</PRE>
Êä³ö£º Scanning TCP ports... 22 open 53 open 80 open 139 open 445 open 631 open ÏÂÃæµÄÕâ¸öÀý×ÓÈÃÄãµÄ½Å±¾°çÑÝHTTP¿Í»§¶Ë£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">#!/bin/bash
exec 3<> /dev/tcp/${1:-www.cyberciti.biz}/80

printf "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n" >&3
printf "Accept: text/html, text/plain\r\n" >&3
printf "Accept-Language: en\r\n" >&3
printf "User-Agent: nixCraft_BashScript v.%s\r\n" "${BASH_VERSION}" >&3
printf "\r\n" >&3

while read LINE <&3
do
# do something on $LINE
# or send $LINE to grep or awk for grabbing data
# or simply display back data with echo command
echo $LINE
done</PRE>
¹ØÓÚGUIToolsºÍCronjob Èç¹ûÄãÊ¹ÓÃcronjobÀ´µ÷ÓÃÄãµÄ½Å±¾µÄ»°£¬ÄãÒªÍ¨¹ý¡° export DISPLAY=:0 ¡±ÃüÁîÀ´ÉèÖÃ±¾µØµÄ display/input ·þÎñ¡£ÀýÈçµ÷ÓÃ /home/vivek/scripts/monitor.stock.sh½Å±¾£¬ËüÊ¹ÓÃÁË zenity ¹¤¾ß£º <PRE class="brush:shell; toolbar: true; auto-links: false;" minmax_bound="true">@hourly DISPLAY=:0.0 /home/vivek/scripts/monitor.stock.sh</PRE>
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